Provencal Jousting

History of provencal jousting

Provencal jousting, or "Tàrgo prouvençalo" in the local language, is a centuries-old tradition in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, with roots dating back to medieval France. Initially a popular entertainment during festivals and community celebrations, this practice has evolved over the centuries to become a recognized and celebrated sport today. The earliest written records of water jousting in France date back to the 12th century, but it was in Provence that this tradition took on a unique form, distinguished by its specific rules and festive spirit.

Over time, Provencal jousting has evolved, transitioning from simple friendly contests between fishermen and sailors to organized competitions, while still maintaining its popular and festive character. The jousters, once common folk seeking to prove their strength and skill, are now athletes who rigorously train, regardless of gender, thus perpetuating a tradition while adapting it to contemporary values of equality and sportsmanship.

The 20th century witnessed the formalization of rules and the establishment of committees and associations dedicated to promoting Provencal jousting. These organizations have contributed to the organization of regional and national championships, making Provencal jousting a respected competitive sport. Despite this evolution, jousting remains deeply rooted in Provencal culture, symbolizing community spirit, respect for tradition, and the characteristic joy of life in the region.

Rules of provencal water jousting

The rules of Provencal water jousting, codified and rigorously followed, are the beating heart of this centuries-old tradition. This discipline, both sporting and cultural, is distinguished by its unique setting: two jousters, mounted on boats propelled by rowers or an engine, duel with the aim of knocking their opponent into the water, using only a lance.

At the start of the duel, each jouster stands on a raised platform at the back of their boat, called a "tintaine." This elevated position increases the difficulty of balance and intensifies the spectacle. The jousters, wearing protective gear and armed with their lance, must use strength, skill, and strategy to unbalance their opponent. A particularity of Provencal jousting is the use of a "witness," a small wooden block held in one hand, which prevents the jouster from grabbing their opponent's lance, adding an additional layer of challenge and skill.

The lance, the central element of the combat, must be wielded with precision. The goal is to touch the opponent in a way that causes them to fall into the water, without aiming for the face or unprotected parts of the body. The breastplate, a wooden protection worn on the chest, is the primary target. The rules stipulate that any blow delivered outside this area may result in the jouster's disqualification.

Competitions are structured in rounds, and the winners of each duel advance in the tournament until a champion is crowned. Draws are possible if both jousters fall into the water simultaneously, adding an element of uncertainty and excitement to the encounters.

The rules of Provencal jousting, with their complexity and demands, contribute to perpetuating a nautical martial art that requires not only considerable physical strength but also refined technical mastery and strategy.

Where do Provencal jousting competitions take place?

Provencal jousting competitions mainly take place in the waters of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, an idyllic setting that adds to the magic of this traditional event. Marseille, with its iconic Vieux-Port, is one of the flagship locations where spectators can admire the skill and bravery of the jousters. L'Estaque, a maritime district of Marseille, is also renowned for its lively tournaments, attracting enthusiastic crowds.

Martigues, nicknamed the "Venice of Provence" due to its picturesque canals, is another major venue for Provencal jousting. Its calm waterways provide a perfect playground for competitions, set against a typically Mediterranean backdrop. Besides these cities, tournaments are also held in other municipalities such as **Saint-Mandrier-sur-Mer, Sanary-sur-Mer, and several other towns along the Var coast, each bringing its own local touch to the event.

These competitions are not just sporting events; they are moments of celebration and sharing, where the community gathers to honor a living heritage.

Which are the different cities participating in Provencal jousting?

Provencal jousting is organized around two main committees that bring together clubs or jouster societies. These committees are not just administrative entities; they represent the living heart of the jousting community, preserving traditions while promoting the sport to new generations.

The Provence committee is the largest, with ten active societies participating in the life and animation of jousting in the region. Among them, the Fine Lance Estaquéenne and the Estaque Nautic’Club are emblematic of Marseille and its maritime neighborhoods. Others, like the Société des Jouteurs Istréens and the Jeune Lance Martégale, demonstrate the passion that drives both small and large cities for this practice. Fos-sur-Mer, Port-de-Bouc, Port-Saint-Louis-du-Rhône, Cassis, La Ciotat, and Arles complete this panorama, each bringing its unique touch to the tradition of jousting.

The Côte d'Azur committee, on the other hand, brings together seven societies, from Sanary-sur-Mer to Cannes, passing through picturesque locations like Saint-Mandrier-sur-Mer, Saint-Raphaël, Fréjus, Agay, and Théoule-sur-Mer. These clubs help to spread the spirit and enthusiasm of Provencal jousting along the Mediterranean coast, offering shows and competitions in often spectacular settings.

These committees and their affiliated societies play a crucial role in the transmission and celebration of the art of Provencal jousting. They organize tournaments, championships, and events that not only showcase the skills of the jousters but also strengthen community ties, making Provencal jousting a true pillar of regional cultural identity.